Schaft



(No Model.)

l GAS GENERATOR STOVE.

\ lWill/lll Patented Mar. 27,1883. r'gl. #d/21.3271 CUZ N. H. SCHILLING su HQBUN sheeS-Sheew- (180180881.)Y 8 sheets-sheet 8. r NI H. SCHILLING 8v H. BUNTE.

GAS GENERATOR STOVE.

No. 274,829. 'Patented 188882118881.

lUNITED A STATES PATENT OEEICE.

ICOLAUS H. SGHILLING AND HANS BUNTE, OF MUNICH, BAVARIA, GER- MANY, ASSIGNORS T() S'IE'ITINER OHAMOTTEFABRIK AG'IIENGESELL- SCHAFT, FORMERLY DIDIER, OF STETTIN, GERMANY.

GAS-GEN ERATOR sii-ova.

SPECIFICATION forming `part of Letters Patent No. 274,829, dated March 27, 1883.

` i Application enea september 2o, 1882. (No model.)

To a-lL whom Vit may concern Be it known that we, NIeoLAUs HEINRICH SCHILLTNG `and HANS BUNTE, citizens of the Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire, and residents ofMunich, Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Generator, Stoves on the Munich System, of which the following is a specification.

lIhis improvement relates to gas generating and burning furnaces, (particularly retort-furnaces for the production of illuminating-gas,) and refers more particularly to the utilization of the heat passing `from the furnace. In the generator are generated combustible gases from any desired fuel, especially coke, together with a mixture 0f` hot air and steam, in such a manner that the earthy constituents of the fuel deposition the grate in the form of a light i layer of ash, easily penetrated by air. ,The steam which is ledintothe generator is gen erated by the hot gases continuously escaping from the furnace, and not bythe heat of the fuel in thegenerator, nor from the. hot products of combustion, which are drawnfrom the generator. .i Air and steam are mixed, and before their entry into the generator they are heated by the heat passing from the furnace. To prevent the formation of slag during the working of the furnace, as also the fusing together of the earthy constituents of the fuel, y and to cause the same to deposit in a porous ash on the grate, `it is necessary that the amount ot' the steam be in a certain proportion to the air entering the generator, which proper tion depends upon the chemical combination ofthe earthy constituents of the fuel and the temperature of thev mixture of air and .steam entering the generator. rIhe furnace is so constructed as to allow the regulation of the proportion of air and steam according to the nature of the fuel, and to allow this proportion to be maintained. Arran gements are provided `for this purpose which allow the generation ot steam in any desired quantity by means of the heat from the furnace, and to regulate it according to the quantity otair which enters. The operation of the furnace preserves the de: termined proportion of air and steam permanently and automatically.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure i is srs' above through the neck and rests on the grate D at the lower part of the generator. The generator is provided with an opening, A, which can be partly or wholly closed at will, and which serves for the entry ot' the air necessary for gasifying the fuel, which air mixes with the steam rising from the water-trough B. The water-trough B is covered with a plate, p, Figs. 4 and 5. Fig. 5 shows part. of the plate p near the front of the apparatus removed, so as Vto expose the watertrough B beneath it. other results of combustion from. the grate D from falling into the trough B, and also prevents the vapor from the trough B, which mingles with the air, entering under the plate'p, through the duct A, from passing directly up through the grate D. The vapor and air pass from the trough B at `its rear open end, behind the wall o, in the direction of arrow 1, Fig. 5, and traverse the channels C U in the direction of the arrows, where-by they are heated by coming in contact .with the walls, which in their turn are heated by the spent gases passing olf through the channels M4. The vapor and air, after having traversed channelsG, pass in the direction of arrow 2 into the space above the covering-plate p,

through the grate D and ash-pit E, into the d lire-shaft of the generator V. rIhe gases which are generated by the decomposition of the water-vapor and partial consumption of the oxygen pass through the flues F into the burners G, where they come into contact with heated air from the channels N4. Theburning gases pass through the spaces H, surrounding the retorts in the direction of the arrows, and when spent they pass into the channels L through suitable perforations. (Indicat- This plate p prevents ash and ed in the drawings by dotted lines, Fig. 2.) The hot spent gases pass from the channels L through the channels M M M2 M3, through the channels M4,(whose walls, as already stated, are thus heated and heat the mixture traversing 'the channels 0,)'and from M4 into the channels M5 under the trough B, thus heating the trough into channels M6, and thence pass out at the chimney O, Fig. 1. The fresh air for the burners G passes through ducts into the channels N N, Fig. 5, and thence through the channels N N2 N3 N4v to the burners Gr. As the -channels M M M2 M3, through which the hot spent gases pass off, lie between the channels N N N2 N3 N4, through which the air passes to the burners G, the air while passing to the burners G is heated. The several channels are respectivelyv so arranged that the gases to be heated pass upward, and the cooling gases pass downward and in the direction opposite to that 'of the gases to be heated, thus utilizing the principle of counter currents. As will be seen, the spent heat of the furnace is first used for heating the air passing through the channels N N N2 Ns N4, then for heating the generator-air, and finally for the production of steam.

\ To secure a more rapid transfer of the heat from the spent gases to the unspent gases, thev channels are provided with perforated stones," Figs. l and 2, to increase the heat-radiating surface. To equalize as much as possible the pressure in the channels, thesmokevalve for regulating the draft in the chimney is preferably placed behind the apparatus and in the chimney or over the same, instead of at the rear of the generator V.

.ln the above-described arrangement the water vapor or steam for the operation of the generator is produced by the heat of the spent gases; but as the amount of spent gases is directly dependent upon the mass of fuel gasiiied in the generator, the quantity of the steam stands in a fixed and permanent relation to the air passing into the generator. Should more fuel be gasitied in the generator and the gas consumed in the furnace, a correspondingly greater amount of water-vapor is generated by the spent gases and the relation of steam and air is automatically preserved.

The relative size of the several parts of the furnace are so chosen that a sufficiently large amount of steam can be generated to hinder the formation of slag. To regulate the proportion of air and steam for various fuels according to the constitution of the earthy constituents or according to desired temperatures of the mixture of air and vapor which is to enter the generator, arrangements are made to reduce the generation of steam according to the most advantageous relation. This is ac complished by opening the valve P and allowing cold air to enter underneath the watertrough B, thus reducing the temperature of the spent gases to the extent required. When this condition is attained it is kept up'automatically by the function of the stove. After a certain amount ot' fuel has been consumed in the generator the grate has yresting upon it a mass of porous ash, depending for its porosity upon the earthy constituents of thefuel. This ash layer, generated under the iuiiuence of steam, is so readily penetrated by air that the regular production of gas is not in the least interrupted, even should a layer of ash of several decimeters in height rest upon the grate. The operation of the generator can be continued without outside interference until the entire ash-pit over the grate is iilled with the remains of combustion, which is aperiod of about twenty-four hours of regular and automatic operation in the case of a furnace such as described, having eight retorts and using coke yielding fourteen to sixteen per cent. ash.

When the ash-pit is filled with the remains of combustion the same are removed as follows: Through the openings Q, which ordinarily are irmlyclosed, are passed iron rods to support the fuel in the generator. B. and S at the face ot' the furnace are then removed, and they ash which lies on the grate is removed with a crook. This operation takes at most ten minutes, after which the several openings are again closed, and the generator operates regularly until the expiration of the succeeding period of about twenty-four hours, when the ash-pit again becomes filled. The Awater evaporating from the trough B is replaced by a stream flowing in through the supply-pipe T. On starting the furnace the gas generated, instead of being led through the channels M M Mz M3 M4, may be led directly to the chimney 0 through the channels U, suitable valves being provided for that purpose.

The heating system is here shown applied to retorts. In place of retorts, it can be used for heatingin metallurgical works and in generatiug steam.

As seen from the foregoing description, the steam from the trough B is generated by the heat of the spent gases from the furnace; but in cases where said spent gases possess only a low degree of temperature the hot gases com` ing directly from the generator may be employed for the generation of steam.

The herein-described apparatus furnishes a The covers IOG IIO

satisfactory quality of generatorgas, as the surplus heat coming from the generator is utilized in generating hydrogen and carbonio oxide, and is, so to say, made latent, and thus led to the retorts which are to be heated, and there burned.

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A gas generating and burning` furnace provided with a generator, V, fines F, burners G, with a direct and a return series of channels for conducting the gases to the retort and thence toward the ,place of discharge, and a water-trough, B, placed beneath the generator-grate and provided with a covering-plate,

IZO

as described, said trough being provided with a supply-pipe, T, the Whole arranged and adapted V4to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

`2. A gas generating and` burning` furnace provided with a generator, V, iiues F, burners G, with a direct `and a return series of channels for conducting the gases to the retort and thence toward the place of discharge, a Watertrough, B, and a valve, I?, for regulating the evaporation from said trough B, the W'holeur-` ranged andadapted to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

V3. 1n a gas generating and burning furnace, the combination, with the generator, of a water-trough, placed beneath its grate and having a suitable cover, channels C O, contiguous channels M4, and channels M5, the latter being located beneath the trough, whereby an evapf oration is obtained proportioned to the volume of the hot spent gases, substantially as described.

4. The method herein set forth of producing a combustible gas, said method consisting in heating a body of Water by exposing it to the products derived from the combustion of said gas, andl thereby vaporizing a quantityot' waterwithin a given time, which is propor- 'tioned to the v olu'me of gas consumed within that time, then mingling thesteam thus produced with air, heating this mixture by means NICOLAUS HEINRICH SCHILLING. HANS BUNTE.

Vitnesses WILHELM HoLLWEcK, Lo'rnAR DIEHL. 

